Human reproduction is one of the most stimulating and captivating phenomena. Conception and pregnancy are very complex systems in which the body and soul function in harmony with each other. In order to make reproduction possible, male and female processes must be coordinated and maintained. Hormones play a primary role in the coordination of this process. The hormone "senders" are the glands located all around the body. They use hormones to obtain the reactions required of the recipient organs.
The female reproductive system includes two ovaries, two fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the vagina. The reproductive system is a subtle mechanism implementing a set of repeating physiological changes, i.e. a menstrual cycle. Regular menstrual cycle is vital for the woman's ability to conceive. Even if the reproductive system fails these days women are able to conceive their kids in other women wombs, this process is called Surrogacy. These days we even have people who are ready to donate their eggs for other women's conception, they are called Egg Donors. We have many egg donors who are registered with some noted IVF Clinic India where they donate their eggs regularly.
The male reproductive system is controlled by hormones. The primary hormones involved in the functioning of the male reproductive system are follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Both of them regulate testis function. The principle regulator of LH and FSH secretion is gonadotropin-releasing hormone or GnRH. FSH regulates production and maturation of sperm cells. LH stimulates production of the main male hormone - testosterone.
Every day millions of spermatozoa are generated by the seminiferous tubules of the testes. From testicles, spermatozoa move to epididymis where further maturation takes place
During the ejaculation process, the spermatozoa move outside through the ductus deferens and urethra thanks to the muscles contraction. Each portion of sperm contains 300-400 millions of spermatozoa. Such a large quantity is explained by the fact that only a few hundred spermatozoa successfully reach fallopian tubes where the oocyte can be fertilized.
The spermatozoon consists of head, neck and tail. The head carries the genetic material from the father. If fertilization is successful, this material determines sex of child. The neck provides energy for spermatozoon movement.
The spermatozoon's tail is a "motor". It whips from side to side ensuring the spermatozoon movement in the first half of the cycle, FSH stimulates growth of a tiny bubble in the ovary (a follicle), which contains an egg (oocyte). The cells of the follicle produce female hormones (oestrogens) that in their turn stimulate growth of the endometrium.
As soon as the oocyte matures, an LH surge causes rupture of the follicle (ovulation). This normally happens on the 14th-16th day of the cycle. The follicle breaks open and the oocyte ready for fertilization moves into the fallopian tube. The resulting follicle structure is called the corpus luteum (yellow body) which produces progesterone. Progesterone prepares the uterus for a potential conception.
The oocyte moves via the fallopian tube into the uterus. It is in the fallopian tube that the oocyte is fertilized. Only one male cell (spermatozoon) reaching the oocyte can get through its membrane.
Genetic material of the mother and father merge together creating a new life. At this moment a so called zygote is created and embryo development starts.
The process of first cell divisions takes place while the embryo moves into the uterus. It comes out of the oocyte membrane just before reaching the uterus.
On the 6th-8Th day after fertilization, the embryo reaches the uterus and starts growing into endometrium, which is rich in nutrients. This process is called implantation.
The embryos, and later the placenta, produce hormones which are the first to support the pregnancy. If no fertilization took place or the embryo couldn't reach the uterus, the endometrium is shed during menstruation and the cycle starts from the beginning.
Even if the hormones successfully act in sequence, the conception is not a simple process. The conception rate per menstrual cycle is below 20% for unguarded sexual intercourse in young healthy couples. The causes of such a low percentage are different. For example, oocyte maturation or hormone interaction can be disturbed, fertilization might not be successful because the time was not appropriate, etc., or the embryo division can go wrong, thus it cannot implant to the uterus. Therefore, we can talk about infertility only if a couple has not achieved pregnancy within 12 months of unguarded sexual intercourse or longer, here IVF Clinic India comes for help, which makes Surrogacy in India a success. Here in this clinic there would be registered Egg Donors who help the infertile women to conceive.
Parenthood is a life changing and eternally rewarding experience for any one. Surrogacy Abroad offers a wide range of options to fulfill your dreams of parenthood. With the most well-equipped, state of the art infertility treatment available at IVF Clinic India and highly experienced experts in the field; they have been able to assist couples and singles all over the world at a most affordable price.
